The art of Latin America is strong and beautiful. To appreciate its roots, you have to look at the countries’ long and turbulent history.

Much of Latin American art is inspired by the classic European school of painting and sculpture, as brought to the New World in the era of Spanish colonialism. Following their emancipation from Spain in the nineteenth century, many local artists continued to use the traditional European style with a different emphasis. The plight of the indigenous people became an increasingly popular subject, as well as highlighting the social class divisions and political turmoil of that time. The somber colors of the European style were also swapped out for bright hues like the kind seen in Pre-Columbian art.

Different movements arose in the twentieth century, borrowing from the European styles of Surrealism and Symbolism. One such movement was Muralism, as artists like Diego Rivera and David Alfaro Siqueiros painted giant murals on public walls to raise awareness of the suffering indigenous people and the working class. They used Realistic styles to bring out their subjects’ humanity. Female artists—such as Remedios Varo and Frida Kahlo—also got their start in the twentieth century, bringing a new perspective through Surrealist painting in the wake of the Mexican Revolution. Unlike the Muralists who focused on political struggles, these Surrealists painted out women’s issues and their own personal suffering with evocative symbolism.

One aspect of Latin American art that has never changed is an emphasis on spirituality. Because of the strong influence of the Catholic Church, Christian symbols and icons of the Virgin Mary are prevalent in art dating back to the colonial period all the way to the present day. However, modern artists are interested in rediscovering their indigenous roots and frequently blend Christian figures and symbols with Pre-Columbian style.

Much like its history, Latin American art is full of turmoil, showing the clash between its colonial past and its present-day troubles. But there is also color and warmth in every mural, painting, and sculpture. Such works of art go straight to the heart, inspiring life and energy in a very dynamic way.

Image Credit: Elvert Barnes by Flickr